Abscess--surgery Cystoscopy--history Europe General Surgery--history History, 15th Century History, 16th Century History, 17th Century History, 18th Century History, 19th Century History, 20th Century History, Ancient History, Medieval Hydronephrosis--surgery Hypertension, Renal--surgery Hypothermia, Induced Kidney--surgery Kidney Calculi--surgery Kidney Transplantation Methods Nephrectomy--history Renal Artery--surgery Renal Dialysis--history Transplantation, Autologous--history Transplantation, Homologous--history United Kingdom Urography--history