Panda, Santosh K Chitohexaose activates macrophages by alternate pathway through TLR4 and blocks endotoxemia. [electronic resource] - PLoS pathogens 2012 - e1002717 p. digital Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ISSN: 1553-7374 Standard No.: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002717 doi Subjects--Topical Terms: AnimalsArginase--biosynthesisBone Marrow CellsCells, CulturedEndotoxemia--immunologyHumansInflammation Mediators--immunologyInterleukin-10--biosynthesisInterleukin-1beta--biosynthesisInterleukin-6--biosynthesisLipopolysaccharides--immunologyMacrophage ActivationMacrophages--immunologyMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C3HMice, Inbred C57BLMonocytes--immunologyOligosaccharides--immunologySignal TransductionToll-Like Receptor 4--metabolismTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha--biosynthesis