TY - GEN AU - Li,Hanfen AU - Nooh,Mohammed M AU - Kotb,Malak AU - Re,Fabio TI - Commercial peptidoglycan preparations are contaminated with superantigen-like activity that stimulates IL-17 production SN - 0741-5400 PY - 2008///0409 KW - Antigens, Bacterial KW - analysis KW - Artifacts KW - Cell Line KW - Drug Contamination KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - drug effects KW - Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor KW - Humans KW - Interleukin-17 KW - biosynthesis KW - Lymphocyte Activation KW - Lymphokines KW - NF-kappa B KW - metabolism KW - Peptidoglycan KW - Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta KW - Staphylococcus aureus KW - chemistry KW - Streptococcus pyogenes KW - Superantigens KW - T-Lymphocyte Subsets KW - cytology KW - Toll-Like Receptor 2 KW - agonists N1 - Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S UR - https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.0807588 ER -